India

India, officially the Republic of India (IAST:Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country inSouth Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous
country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world.
Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengalon the south-east, it shares
land borders withPakistan to the west;[d] China, Nepal, andBhutan to the north-east; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east.
In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India’sAndaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime
border with Thailand and Indonesia.

Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisationand a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian
subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history.[22] Four religions—Hinduism,
Buddhism, Jainism, andSikhism—originated here, whereasZoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, andIslam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also
shaped the region’s diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th
century andadministered directly by the United Kingdomafter the Indian Rebellion of 1857, India became an independent nation in 1947 after astruggle for
independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.

Currently, the Indian economy is the world’sseventh-largest by nominal GDP and third-largest by purchasing power
parity (PPP).[17]Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the fastest-growing major economies;
it is considered anewly industrialised country. However, it continues to face the challenges of poverty,corruption, malnutrition and
inadequate public healthcare. A nuclear weapons state and aregional power, it has the third-largest standing army in the world and ranks sixth
in military expenditure among nations. India is afederal republic governed under aparliamentary system consisting of 29 states and 7 union territories.
India is a pluralistic,multilingual, and a multi-ethnic society. It is also home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats.

 

 

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